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Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

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Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
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Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

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Overview
61.6K
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

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Overview
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Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

6.7K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
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Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

6.4K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
6.4K
Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

8.1K
Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Development of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System to Monitor the Early Stages of the Replication Cycle
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通过错误纠正来完成B型肝炎病毒囊

Corinne A Lutomski1, Nicholas A Lyktey1, Zhongchao Zhao2

  • 1Chemistry Department, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 11, 2017
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

病毒囊组装对于病毒生命周期和生物技术至关重要,它涉及一个独特的,缓慢的错误纠正阶段. 电荷检测质谱显示初始HBV囊组合是不完美的,随着时间的推移纠正错误.

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科学领域:

  • 病毒学
  • 生物物理
  • 纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 病毒囊组合对于病毒复制至关重要,并且在药物发现和纳米材料开发中具有应用.
  • 异面体病毒体通常由蛋白质子单元的顺序添加而形成,最后一步完成结构.
  • 体组装的最后阶段缺乏高分辨率的研究方法.

研究的目的:

  • 研究T=4乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 囊的实时囊组装过程.
  • 阐明最终囊完成阶段的动态和机制.
  • 了解错误纠正在HBV囊形成中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 使用电荷检测质谱 (CDMS) 实时监测HBV囊组件.
  • 分析了质量电荷比数据以追踪单个体的形成和演变.
  • 量化组装颗粒的质量分布以确定缺陷和过度生长.

主要成果:

  • 最初的HBV囊组装是快速的,但导致大量的缺陷和过度生长的颗粒.
  • 这些不完美的体经历了一个较慢,明显的自我校正阶段,以达到T=4的正确质量.
  • 体补充不仅仅是最后一个子单元的插入,还涉及大量的错误纠正.

结论:

  • 体完成是一个动态的过程,涉及在初始组装过程中积累的错误的纠正.
  • 乙型肝炎囊组合的最后阶段以缓慢的错误纠正而不是简单的加法为特征.
  • 这一发现重新定义了病毒囊形成的理解,并对相关的生物技术应用产生影响.