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Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
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智利精神分裂患者的BDNF和认知功能

Rodrigo R Nieto1,2,3,4, Hernán Silva1,2, Alejandra Armijo5

  • 1Clínica Psiquiátrica Universitaria, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.

International journal of molecular sciences
|July 14, 2023
PubMed
概括

大脑衍生神经营养因子 (BDNF) 水平与精神分裂症患者的认知功能相关. 这表明BDNF在精神分裂症的认知障碍中起作用.

关键词:
血中的BDNF水平.蒙特利尔的认知评估 (MoCA)大脑衍生的神经营养因子认知 认知 认知认知生物标志物 认知生物标志物认知障碍是一种认知障碍.这些神经营养素是神经营养素 (neurotrophins).精神分裂症是一种精神分裂症.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 精神病学是一个精神病学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 在精神分裂症中,认知症状是显著的,但在不同患者之间有所不同.
  • 在精神分裂症中不同认知功能的分子基础尚未得到充分理解.
  • 大脑衍生神经营养因子 (BDNF) 与神经元可塑性和认知过程有关.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究血BDNF水平和精神分裂症患者的认知功能之间的关系.
  • 探索BDNF在认知中的作用是否在精神分裂症患者与没有认知缺陷之间有所不同.

主要方法:

  • 根据蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 评分,精神分裂症患者被分为两个小组:正常认知 (≥26) 和认知缺陷 (≤25).
  • 血BDNF水平使用酶相关免疫吸收试验 (ELISA) 来量化.
  • 统计分析包括斯皮尔曼的罗和克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯测试.

主要成果:

  • 在精神分裂症患者和认知缺陷患者的血BDNF水平和MoCA得分之间发现了显著的正相关性 (n=29,p=0.04).
  • 在正常认知 (n=11) 或总患者组 (n=40) 的患者中,没有观察到血BDNF和MoCA得分之间的显著相关性.

结论:

  • 对于经历认知缺陷的精神分裂症患者,BDNF在认知功能中起着重要作用.
  • 在具有正常认知状态的精神分裂症患者中,BDNF对认知功能可能不那么重要.
  • 这些发现有助于理解精神分裂症认知缺陷的分子基础.