玉米-菜交叉种植通过改善叶子功能和干物质分区来实现产量优势
Zhidan Fu1, Ping Chen1,2, Xiaona Zhang1
1College of Agronomy, Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/ Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, China.
BMC plant biology
|September 19, 2023
概括
玉米和菜的交叉作物通过改善叶子特征来提高作物产量. 玉米-大豆中继交叉种植提供了相互利益,而玉米-花生条形交叉种植提供了产量权衡,揭示了这些系统的明显优势.
科学领域:
- 农业学和作物科学 农业学和作物科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 杂交作物系统,特别是玉米和蔬菜的结合,已知可以带来产量优势,但根本的机制仍然不完全理解.
- 优化杂交作物策略对于提高农业生产率和资源利用效率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同种植系统 (单一种植与杂交种植) 和 (N) 输入水平对玉米豆杂交种植产量优势的影响.
- 阐明在玉米-大豆和玉米-花生交叉作物系统中驱动产量优势或权衡的生理和农学机制.
主要方法:
- 一个为期两年的实地实验,比较单一种植的玉米,大豆,花生,玉米-大豆替代继电器交叉作物 (IMS) 和玉米-花生替代带交叉作物 (IMP).
- 评估的处理包括两个输入水平:没有N (N0) 和添加N (N1).
- 评估了关键的农学特征:叶面积指数,叶子比重,叶绿素含量,千粒核重量,干物积累和部分土地等价比率 (pLER).
主要成果:
- 间作物玉米表现出明显更高的叶面积指数和特定叶重,N添加改善了核重量.
- 玉米-大豆交叉种植 (IMS) 证明了一个"双赢"的场景,增强了叶子特征,干物质积累,并产生了积极的PLER和净效应 (NE).
- 玉米-花生交叉种植 (IMP) 显示花生叶面积和生物量减少,导致产量权衡 (负NE),尽管玉米特征有所改善.
结论:
- 加强杂作玉米的叶子功能特征,特别是玉米-大豆系统中的叶子功能特征,是干物积累和产量优势的关键驱动因素.
- 玉米-大豆中继耕作通过互补的资源使用和生理增强,有效地实现了互惠收益.
- 玉米-花生带交叉种植导致产量权衡,突出了种类特定相互作用和系统设计在交叉种植中的重要性.
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