在奥林匹克举重运动员中的快速减肥实践
Thomas I Gee1, Paul Campbell2, Melissa J Bargh1
1School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom; and.
Journal of strength and conditioning research
|September 20, 2023
概括
快速减肥 (RWL) 在奥林匹克举重运动员中普遍存在,尤其是女性. 虽然在技能水平上规模相似,但女性运动员在比赛前报告了更高的急性体重减轻.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 快速减肥 (RWL) 是旨在在特定体重类别竞争的运动员的常见做法.
- 了解RWL的患病率和方法对于运动员的健康和表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究来自英国的奥林匹克举重运动员中快速减肥 (RWL) 的患病率,规模和方法.
- 为了比较男性和女性运动员之间的RWL实践,以及不同的竞争标准.
主要方法:
- 使用经过验证的快速减肥问卷 (RWLQ) 来评估RWL的大小和实践.
- 从国际举重联合会 (IWF) 的人口中招募了39名奥运会举重运动员.
- 按竞争群体 (高,中,低辛克莱系数) 和性别分类运动员.
主要成果:
- 在接受调查的举重运动员中,84.6%的人报告说他们练习RWL,女性 (94.1%) 的患病率高于男性 (77.3%).
- 平均习惯性竞赛前体重损失为3.8%,女性报告的最大相对体重损失 (7.4%) 与男性 (4.9%) 相比显著更高.
- 常见的RWL方法包括限制摄入液体,逐步减肥和加水.
结论:
- 在奥林匹克举重比赛中,RWL非常普遍,特别是在女性中.
- 在不同的运动员标准中,RWL的幅度是可比的,但女性获得了更大的急性体重减轻.
- 研究结果强调,需要进一步研究这种人群中RWL对健康的影响和最佳策略.
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