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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

354
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
354
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

342
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

378
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
378
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

293
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
293
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

2.6K
2.6K
Language01:16

Language

232
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
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在类似文字的双语中,跨语言的形态转移.

Hasibe Kahraman1,2, Bianca de Wit3,4, Elisabeth Beyersmann3,4

  • 1School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Australian Hearing Hub, 16 University Avenue, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia. hasibe.kahraman@mq.edu.au.

Psychonomic bulletin & review
|October 26, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究表明,双语者在语言之间传递形态信息,特别是当单词具有相似含义时. 早期的第二语言学习增强了这种跨语言的形态转移.

关键词:
收购年龄 收购年龄双语主义 是一种双语主义.跨语言的形态原始化.个人差异 个人差异视觉文字识别 视觉文字识别

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 获得第二语言的学习.
  • 双语研究研究 双语研究

背景情况:

  • 研究土耳其-英语双语者的跨语言形态转移.
  • 使用类似脚本的形态翻译原始化范式.
  • 专注于非常熟练但不平衡的双语者.

研究的目的:

  • 探索跨语言的形态转移机制.
  • 确定形态和词法语意义关系的作用.
  • 检查年龄对第二语言学习的影响.

主要方法:

  • 实验1:用加贴/不加贴的L1土耳其非单词对L2英语目标进行了初始化.
  • 实验2:用翻译/语义/无关的L1土耳其非单词对L2英语目标进行了初始化.
  • 使用具有共同意义但没有形式重叠的非相识刺激.

主要成果:

  • 对于附加和非附加的L1非单词观察到显著的原始化效应.
  • 与非附加条件相比,附加条件中的更大的初始化.
  • 较早的L2学习年龄与增强的跨语言转移相关.
  • 原始化效应是具体由词法-语义关系驱动的,而不仅仅是语义相似性.

结论:

  • 跨语言的形态转移发生在土耳其语和英语双语中.
  • 形态结构和词法语意义联系都对转移有所贡献.
  • 早期的L2学习促进了更强大的跨语言形态处理.