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相关概念视频

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

6.4K
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

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Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
8.4K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
920
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

22.7K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.7K
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

6.8K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
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相关实验视频

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Pulldown Assay Coupled with Co-Expression in Bacteria Cells as a Time-Efficient Tool for Testing Challenging Protein-Protein Interactions
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eRNA共同表达网络揭示了TF依赖性和趋同的合作性.

Seungha Alisa Lee1, Katla Kristjánsdóttir1, Hojoong Kwak2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA.

Scientific reports
|November 5, 2023
PubMed
概括

增强器RNAs (eRNAs) 揭示了增强器如何相互作用,受到距离,方向和转录因子 (TF) 结合的影响. 这项研究绘制了成千上万的调节元件及其功能连接的地图.

科学领域:

  • 基因组学和分子生物学
  • 非编码RNA生物学
  • 转录条例 转录条例 转录条例

背景情况:

  • 增强剂RNA (eRNA) 是由活性增强剂产生的非编码转录,与增强剂活性相关.
  • 了解增强剂-增强剂和增强剂-促进剂相互作用对于破译基因调节至关重要.
  • 基因表达调节的个体间变异性仍然不完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 识别和描述转录的调节元件 (tTREs) 和它们相关的eRNA的个体间变异.
  • 研究基于距离,方向和转录因子 (TF) 占用率的增强剂相互作用的规则.
  • 探索 eRNA 在增强剂和促进剂之间调解功能关联中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 利用来自67个人类淋巴细胞细胞系的PRO-cap测序数据集.
  • 分析了超过8万个转录的转录调节元件 (tTREs),包括增强剂和促进剂.
  • 进行了eRNAs的共同表达分析,以推断调节元素之间的功能相互作用.

主要成果:

  • 在数千个tTREs中确定了eRNA表达的显著个体间变异.
  • 通过TF结合调节的增强剂之间的距离依赖的共同表达衰变,包括像Cohesin这样的双价TF.
  • 观察到附近eRNA的链特异性相关性,支持融合eRNA的合作模式.

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结论:

  • eRNA联合表达分析是一种强大的方法,可以推断增强剂和促进剂之间的功能相互作用.
  • 增强剂相互作用是由物理距离,相对方向和TF结合的景观所塑造的.
  • 双对应的TF在调解或隔离监管要素相互作用方面发挥着复杂的作用.