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相关概念视频

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
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The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
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Load-frequency control (LFC) is vital for maintaining power system stability, ensuring that frequency and power flows remain within acceptable limits during load changes. Turbine-governor control eliminates rotor accelerations and decelerations following load changes. However, a steady-state frequency error persists when the change in the turbine-governor reference setting is zero. In an interconnected power system, each area agrees to export or import a scheduled amount of power through...
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相关实验视频

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使用整体协作神经模糊推断系统进行地下水位预测.

Kenneth Beng Wee Boo1, Ahmed El-Shafie2, Faridah Othman1

  • 1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya (UM), 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

The Science of the total environment
|November 28, 2023
PubMed
概括

这项研究开发了一种协作的神经模糊推断系统 (CANFIS) 用于地下水位预测. 合并方法改善了每月预测,尽管每日预测的不确定性较低.

关键词:
安菲斯 (ANFIS) 是一个字母.人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.启动集成 (包装) 的方法机器学习 机器学习不确定性分析不确定性分析水平面建模水表建模

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科学领域:

  • 水文和水资源水文与水资源
  • 环境科学中的人工智能
  • 地理科学建模的方法

背景情况:

  • 准确地预测地下水位 (GWL) 对水资源管理至关重要.
  • 现有的模型经常在长期预测和不确定性量化方面扎.
  • 在水文预测中,对先进的人工智能技术的需求正在增长.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和评估一个协作的神经模糊推理系统 (CANFIS) 用于多个时GWL预测.
  • 调查各种输入变量和训练数据持续时间对预测准确性的影响.
  • 通过集体学习提高模型性能,并评估预测不确定性.

主要方法:

  • 在德克萨斯州和佛罗里达州为GWL预测开发了一个CANFIS建模框架.
  • 使用单一光谱分析 (SSA) 来选择输入变量 (GWL,降水,温度,地表水位).
  • 应用袋装集体学习和引导抽样用于不确定性分析.

主要成果:

  • CANFIS取得了令人满意的每日GWL预测,每月预测 (2-3个月前) 可能有所改善.
  • 温度被确定为月度预测的重要变量.
  • 集成CANFIS显著提高了每月预测性能.
  • 每日预测的不确定性是令人满意的;月度预测的不确定性更高,特别是在波动的GWL期间.

结论:

  • 坎菲斯模型,特别是集体学习模型,对GWL预测具有前景,特别是在较短的交付时间方面.
  • 最佳的输入组合和训练数据持续时间对于模型性能至关重要.
  • 不确定性分析强调了长期水文预测的挑战,以及需要仔细解释结果的必要性.