开放式公共电动汽车的可靠性 直流快速充电器
David Rempel1, Carleen Cullen1, Mary Matteson Bryan1
1University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Human factors
|November 30, 2023
概括
旧金山的公共电动汽车 (EV) 直流快速充电器 (DCFC) 的功能很低,只有73.3%的工作. 这凸显了改善电动汽车充电基础设施可靠性和维护的必要性,以便更广泛地采用电动汽车.
科学领域:
- 运输工程 运输工程
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 可靠和用户友好的电动汽车 (EV) 充电基础设施对于消费者信心和广泛采用电动汽车至关重要.
- 过渡到电动汽车需要强大的公共收费解决方案来支持消费者的需求.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估旧金山湾区所有公共直流快速充电器 (DCFC) 的可用性和功能.
- 确定影响电动汽车充电站性能的常见问题.
主要方法:
- 在9个湾区县评估了182个公共DCFC站 (655个电动汽车服务设备 (EVSE) 端口) 与联合充电系统 (CCS) 连接器.
- 定义了一个功能性的EVSE是能够启动至少两分钟的充电.
- 重新测试一个样本,以评估随着时间的推移功能的一致性.
主要成果:
- 在655个EVSE端口中,只有73.3%是可用的.
- 关键问题包括屏幕不响应,支付系统故障,充电启动问题,网络错误和断开连接器.
- 很大一部分非功能充电器 (23.5%) 是由于这些技术和操作故障造成的.
结论:
- 实地测试结果 (73.3%的功能) 与电动汽车服务提供商报告的正常运行时间 (95-98%) 形成鲜明对比.
- 对于充电器正常运行时间,停机时间和被排除时间的标准化,可验证的定义有极大需求.
- 公共电动汽车DCFC基础设施的现状强调了加强系统设计和维护的必要性,以促进电动汽车的采用.
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