人口对人工智能系统特征的偏好涉及八个不同的决策环境
Søren Holm1,2, Thomas Ploug3
1Centre for Social Ethics and Policy, School of Law, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|December 1, 2023
概括
对于人工智能 (AI) 系统的公众偏好强调保护性特征,如可解释性和准确性. 这些偏好在各种人工智能应用中存在,尽管重要性随着决策结果变得不那么重要而略有下降.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
- 公众论研究 公众论研究
背景情况:
- 基于深度学习的人工智能 (AI) 系统越来越多地被用作决策支持工具.
- 现有的关于公众对人工智能的偏好研究,特别是在医学领域,强调了诸如可解释性,准确性和人类监督等特征的重要性.
- 这些"保护"功能对于保护用户利益至关重要,但它们在特定环境中的相关性在医疗应用之外仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查公众对人工智能系统的五个特定保护特征及其实施的偏好.
- 检查这些偏好在公共和商业部门的八个不同的用例中是如何变化的.
- 了解决策影响重要性对人工智能系统特征感知重要性的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项横截面调查研究.
- 这项研究涉及丹麦成年人口.
- 参与者对五个保护性AI功能的偏好在八个不同的用例中进行了评估,从医疗诊断到发放停车券.
主要成果:
- 在所有八个评估的环境中,所有五个保护特征都被一致认为是重要的.
- 当人工智能驱动的决策对受访者的影响不那么重要时,这些特征的感知重要性略有下降.
- 这表明,无论应用领域如何,对可靠的人工智能功能的需求普遍存在.
结论:
- 对于保护性AI功能,公众的偏好是强大的,并超越了医疗领域.
- 背景因素,特别是决策结果的意义,影响这些特征的感知重要性.
- 调查结果强调了需要开发人工智能系统,在所有行业中整合以用户为中心的保护功能.
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