加强印度免疫覆盖的技术:系统审查
Nonita Dudeja1, Tila Khan2, Deepak Thomas Varughese3
1Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India.
The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia
|February 26, 2024
概括
移动提醒和社区参与等技术提高了印度的免疫覆盖率. 新的数字工具显示出希望,但对不同的人口和环境需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 加强卫生系统 加强卫生系统
背景情况:
- 印度的疫苗接种覆盖率在各种环境,地理区域和人群中呈现出显著的差异.
- 技术干预提供了一种潜在的策略,可以缓解这些覆盖率差距,并改善公平获得疫苗的机会.
- 这一系统性审查遵循PRISMA指南,全面分析旨在提高印度免疫覆盖率的技术.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和检查用于加强印度各地免疫覆盖范围的现有技术.
- 确定有效的技术干预措施,可以减少免疫接种和接种方面的差异.
- 提供关于印度免疫计划中技术采用的当前格局和未来方向的见解.
主要方法:
- 在Medline (PubMed),Cochrane Library和Google Scholar进行了系统的文献搜索,搜索2011年1月1日至2021年7月31日期间发表的研究.
- 包括用英语进行的观察性和实验性研究,重点是印度针对不同人群 (儿童,孕妇,成年人,老年人,医疗人员,护理人员,弱势群体) 的免疫技术.
- 使用混合方法评估工具进行数据提取和质量评估,由两名独立审查员进行,主要结果是改善免疫覆盖率的技术.
主要成果:
- 在6592个选的标题中,包括23个印度特定的研究,其中22/23显示平均或平均以上的质量.
- 确定的有效技术包括提醒系统 (自动移动电话提醒,免疫接种时间表),能力建设,社区参与 (动员,活动) 和计算机化数据跟踪.
- 还指出了新兴技术,如Jyotigram Yojana,数字近场通信吊,'到达每一个地区'计划和'我的村是我的家'工具,尽管它们的有效性各不相同.
结论:
- 支持免疫系统,能力建设和社区参与的技术在改善疫苗覆盖率方面显著有效.
- 与疫苗输送,绘图和冷链物流相关的新技术需要在印度背景下进一步评估.
- 对于儿童和孕妇以外的人群的研究有限,这凸显了未来研究的需要,以评估在不同环境和人口统计数据中技术的有效性.
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