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Can artificial intelligence applications improve food supply capacity? Evidence from 296 Chinese cities
Fangyan Bai1, Chunyan Li1, Qi Ban2
1College of Humanities and Social Development, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.
Frontiers in Nutrition
|July 16, 2026
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) significantly boosts food supply capacity by improving agricultural efficiency and resource allocation. Its positive effects are long-lasting and more pronounced in certain regions of China.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Economics
- Digital Agriculture
- Food Security
Background:
- The digital economy's growth highlights artificial intelligence (AI) as a key driver for agricultural modernization.
- AI's role in enhancing food supply capacity requires in-depth examination of its mechanisms and regional variations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of AI development on food supply capacity in China.
- To explore the underlying mechanisms and regional differences in AI's influence on food supply.
Main Methods:
- Utilized panel data from 296 Chinese cities (2010-2024).
- Employed a two-way fixed-effects model with robustness, endogeneity, lagged-effect, mechanism, and heterogeneity analyses.
Main Results:
- AI development significantly enhances food supply capacity, with persistent positive effects over time.
- AI improves food supply by increasing agricultural production efficiency and optimizing resource allocation.
- The impact of AI is stronger in central China, major grain-producing areas, regions with high precipitation, and those with advanced digital infrastructure.
Conclusions:
- AI is a strategic technological support for agricultural modernization and national food supply governance.
- Policy recommendations include accelerating rural digital infrastructure, integrating AI in agriculture, and implementing differentiated regional strategies.
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