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相关概念视频

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.5K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.4K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

7.8K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.8K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

1.9K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
1.9K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

1.9K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.9K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 22, 2025

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
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机械化学控制的极端聚合:从严厉到温和

Haoyang Feng1, Xiaoyang Shao1, Zhenhua Wang1

  • 1Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi'an, 710072, China.

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|June 28, 2024
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

机械化学使用机械力进行化学合成,为传统方法提供了绿色替代方案. 控制激素聚合的最新进展使得在温和条件下精确的聚合物合成成为可能.

关键词:
联系电气化电气化 联系电气化控制的激素聚合.机械化学 机械化学部分电力是压电的.声化学 声化学 声化学

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科学领域:

  • 化学 化学 化学
  • 材料科学 是一种材料科学.
  • 聚合物科学 聚合物科学

背景情况:

  • 机械化学研究了机械力诱导的化学变化.
  • 它提供无溶剂合成途径和绿色化学替代品.
  • 它是与电化学,光化学和热化学一起的一个新兴领域.

研究的目的:

  • 审查控制激素聚合的机械化学的最新进展.
  • 为了澄清机械化学在聚合物科学中的历史发展.
  • 突出聚合物的新合成路径.

主要方法:

  • 使用机械力进行化学转换.
  • 采用声化学,压电和接触电气化进行聚合.
  • 开发用于可控聚合的温和机械化学路径.

主要成果:

  • 成功合成高分子量聚合物.
  • 实现了对聚合物链长度和结构的精确控制.
  • 在机械化学聚合过程中证明了更好的可控性.

结论:

  • 机械化学为聚合物合成提供了新的途径.
  • 机械化学技术的进步提高了对聚合物的控制.
  • 这一领域为聚合物科学提供了更绿色,更有效的方法.