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Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution01:10

Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution

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For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
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Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

286
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
286
Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight01:01

Polymers: Defining Molecular Weight

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Unlike small molecules with definite molecular weights, polymers are a mixture of individual polymer chains of varying lengths, each with a unique molecular weight.  So, the molecular weight of a polymer is expressed as an average value based on the average size of the polymer chains. The two most common forms of averages used for polymers are the number average molecular weight and weight average molecular weight.
The number average molecular weight (Mn) is the summation of the number...
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Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
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Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

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聚合物分子的中间散射函数:基于放松模式分析的方法.

Naoyuki Karasawa1, Ayori Mitsutake2, Hiroshi Takano3

  • 1Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.

The Journal of chemical physics
|July 8, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究引入了一种新方法来计算使用放松模式的聚合物分子的中间散射函数. 这种方法克服了定义正常坐标的挑战,使得可以更好地分析聚合物动态.

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Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2
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科学领域:

  • 聚合物物理 聚合物物理
  • 计算化学计算化学
  • 统计力学 统计力学

背景情况:

  • 聚合物动力学理论将中间散射函数与放松模式联系起来.
  • 定义任意聚合物的正常坐标是困难的,阻碍了模式分析.
  • 现有的方法在准确计算聚合物动态方面面临挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种一般方法来计算聚合物分子的中间散射函数 (ISF).
  • 为了克服定义放松模式分析的正常坐标的局限性.
  • 分析不同放松过程对ISF的贡献.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一种基于使用马尔科夫过程固有函数的放松模式分析的一般方法.
  • 使用聚合物动力学模拟数据评估放松模式.
  • 根据评估的放松模式计算了中间散射函数.
  • 在稀释溶液中模拟了线性聚合物分子的动力学.

主要成果:

  • 拟议的方法成功计算了线性聚合物的中间散射函数.
  • 从模拟中得出的放松模式准确地描述了 ISF 在旋转长度尺度的半径上.
  • 确定了纯和振荡放松过程对ISF的明显贡献.

结论:

  • 开发的方法提供了一个强大的方法,通过放松模式分析聚合物动力学.
  • 这种技术增强了对溶液中的聚合物分子行为的理解.
  • 这些发现有助于详细研究聚合物的放松机制.