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相关概念视频

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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在干细胞中的超强增强器omics.

Hongying Ma1,2, Jian Qu3,4, Zicheng Pang1,5

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

超级增强剂 (SE) 是干细胞身份和功能的关键. 这篇综述介绍了"超强增强器omics",并讨论了针对SEs治疗癌症等疾病的目标.

关键词:
癌症干细胞是癌症的干细胞.多个omics的多个omics.干细胞是一种干细胞.超级增强器的奥米克斯转录 翻译 翻译

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科学领域:

  • * 分子生物学 * 分子生物学
  • * * 干细胞生物学
  • * 表观遗传学 是一种表观遗传学.

背景情况:

  • *干细胞的特征 (增殖,自我更新,分化) 对于身份至关重要,由遗传和表观遗传因素调节.
  • * 超级增强剂 (SE) 是活性增强剂的集群,它们通过特定的转录调节来维持干性至关重要.
  • * SEs,非编码RNAs,转录因子和联合激活剂形成分相凝缩物,指导干细胞命运.

研究的目的:

  • * 介绍"超级增强器omics"的概念及其与Pan-omics的联系.
  • * 审查SEs在干细胞生物学中的时空组织和功能.
  • *阐明SEs在干细胞,癌症干细胞和潜在治疗策略中的作用.

主要方法:

  • * 对超级增强剂和干细胞生物学现有的文献进行了全面的审查.
  • * 整合多主题技术来研究SEs.
  • *分析SEs在转录调节和相分离中的作用.

主要成果:

  • * SEs形成具有转录机制的相分离凝结体,以调节干细胞命运.
  • * 干细胞与维持干细胞的身份,自我更新,多能性和分化有关.
  • * 瘤性SE通过基因组和表观遗传改变,有助于癌症干细胞的特征.

结论:

  • * 超强增强器奥米克为了解干细胞调节提供了一个新的范式.
  • * 用小分子,基因组编辑或ASO针对SE组件显示了SE相关疾病,包括癌症的治疗潜力.
  • * 干细胞在干细胞研究和疾病治疗策略中起着关键作用.