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相关概念视频

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:37

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

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In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
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Long-patch Base Excision Repair01:02

Long-patch Base Excision Repair

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Since the discovery of the two BER pathways, there has been a debate about how a cell chooses one pathway over the other and the factors determining this selection. Numerous in vitro experiments have pointed out multiple determinants for the sub-pathway selection. These are:
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Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of SNF2L in Replication Fork Stability and Genome Duplication
05:55

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of SNF2L in Replication Fork Stability and Genome Duplication

Published on: August 23, 2024

458

在BRCA2中,C端重组RAD51二极体,以结合B-DNA,以实现复制叉稳定性.

Michael A Longo, Syed Moiz Ahmed, Yue Chen

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    |September 30, 2024
    PubMed
    概括

    这就是BRCA2蛋白质.

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    相关实验视频

    Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

    Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of SNF2L in Replication Fork Stability and Genome Duplication
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    Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Role of SNF2L in Replication Fork Stability and Genome Duplication

    Published on: August 23, 2024

    458
    Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
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    Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51
    06:24

    Real-time Observation of the DNA Strand Exchange Reaction Mediated by Rad51

    Published on: February 13, 2019

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    科学领域:

    • 生物化学 生物化学
    • 分子生物学分子生物学
    • 结构生物学 结构生物学

    背景情况:

    • BRCA2是一种瘤抑制剂,对DNA修复和癌症发展至关重要.
    • 它与RAD51在复制分叉保护 (FP) 和同质导向DNA修复 (HDR) 中起作用.
    • 人们认为BRCA2 C端稳定了单链DNA上的RAD51细丝.

    研究的目的:

    • 在DNA结合之前确定与RAD51结合的BRCA2C端相互作用域 (TR2i) 的晶体结构.
    • 阐明BRCA2调节DNA修复通路中的RAD51活动的机制.

    主要方法:

    • 进行X射线晶体学以获得高分辨率结构.
    • 生物化学测试用于评估蛋白质相互作用和功能.
    • 使用接口引导突变进行分子分析.

    主要成果:

    • 晶体结构显示,TR2i将ATP-RAD51重塑成一个独特的二元体构造.
    • 这种形状有利于双链B-DNA结合,不适合HDR启动.
    • TR2i 作为一个全osteric ,利用proline驱动的结构和特定的残留相互作用 (例如,BRCA2 S3291/P3292) 切换RAD51.
    • 这个开关在S阶段执行复制分叉保护 (FP),在G2阶段执行HDR,由CDK化调节.

    结论:

    • 在BRCA2 TR2i中,RAD51被全质调节,将其DNA结合偏好从单链转变为双链DNA.
    • 这种机制确保了S阶段的复制分叉保护,并允许在G2中进行同质导向修复.
    • 这些发现为BRCA2在癌症病因和治疗耐药性的作用提供了新的见解.