Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Carbocations02:10

Carbocations

10.9K
Carbocations are one of the reaction intermediates formed during several nucleophilic substitutions or elimination reactions. A carbocation is an electron-deficient species with the central carbon atom having six electrons and three bonded atoms. The central carbon in a carbocation is sp2 hybridized with trigonal planar geometry. It has an empty p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the structure that can accept electrons. Thus, carbocations act as strong electrophiles and may react with any...
10.9K
Electron Carriers01:24

Electron Carriers

84.1K
Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
84.1K
Vicinal Diols via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: Pinacol Coupling Overview01:27

Vicinal Diols via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: Pinacol Coupling Overview

1.7K
Wilhelm Rudolph Fittig discovered the pinacol coupling reaction in 1859. It is a radical dimerization reaction and involves the reductive coupling of aldehydes or ketones in the presence of hydrocarbon solvent to yield vicinal diols.
1.7K
Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

1.8K
The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
1.8K
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

10.2K
Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
10.2K
Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism01:10

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Mechanism

3.0K
Cyanohydrins are formed when cyanide nucleophiles and carbonyl compounds like aldehydes and ketones react. A strong base, the cyanide ion, catalyzes cyanohydrin formation. The ions are generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. Once the cyanide ions are generated, the first step involves the nucleophilic attack of the cyanide ions on the electrophilic carbonyl carbon. This attack shifts the π electrons from the C=O to the oxygen atom forming the alkoxide ion intermediate. The alkoxide anion...
3.0K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

A Synthetic Iron Model of Carbon-Sulfur Bond Activation by the Nitrogenase-Family Enzyme Methylthio-Alkane Reductase.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Iron Complexes Supported by a Dual Dearomatized PNPN Ligand.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Photodriven Sm-Catalyzed Asymmetric Ketyl-Olefin Coupling.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Remote Positioning of Cations Tunes Catalytic Fe-Mediated Nitrogen Fixation Selectivity for Hydrazine Instead of Ammonia in Protic Media.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Tunable Multisite Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mediators: Distinct Pathways for Substrate Reduction Versus Competing Hydrogen Evolution.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Cation Competition Experiments during Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction As a Probe of the Film-Modified Copper Microenvironment.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

10.7K

一种碳酸衍生质子合电子转移反应剂

Enric H Adillon1, Jonas C Peters1

  • 1Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 28, 2024
PubMed
概括

研究人员探索了碳酸作为减少电催化剂的替代品. 他们发现这些碳酸通过电子转移促进了多电子/质子的减少,而不是协调的质子-电子转移途径.

科学领域:

  • 无机化学
  • 电化学
  • 有机合成

背景情况:

  • 协同质子电子转移 (CPET) 的反应障碍低于阶段性电子转移 (ET) 和质子转移 (PT).
  • 将甲ET部位与胺PT部位相结合,可实现还原性电催化.
  • 探索CPET类反应的替代框架对于推进减小转换至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 在还原电催化中研究C,C'-diaryl-o-carboranes作为cobaltocene的替代品.
  • 描述二甲的氧化还原特性和质子化行为.
  • 确定碳介导的降解的机制性途径 (CPET与ET/PT).

主要方法:

  • 迪亚利-o-carboranes的合成和表征.
  • 电化学还原和质子化研究.
  • 用热力学测量来确定有效的结合解离自由能量 (BDFEeff).
  • 减少碳物种的晶体分析.
  • 多ET/PT减少和演化反应 (HER) 的机制研究.

主要成果:

  • 合成和特征化了二甲,表现出稳定的氧化还原行为.
  • 质子化碳酸产生了N-H键,BDFEeff低至31 kcal/mol.

更多相关视频

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
07:36

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.0K
1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions
06:56

1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions

Published on: October 10, 2016

7.7K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

10.7K
Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
07:36

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

Published on: November 9, 2019

8.0K
1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions
06:56

1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene and Corannulene as Electron Receptors for Lithium Solvated Electron Solutions

Published on: October 10, 2016

7.7K
  • 减少碳酸的固态结构提供了对它们的氧化还原特性的洞察.
  • 碳介质促进了阿佐,二胺和二的多ET/PT降解.
  • 机械数据显示了与CPET途径不同的速度限制ET步骤.

    • 结论:

    • 迪亚利-o-carboranes 作为多ET/PT 减少的有效调解剂.
    • 观察到的机制是通过阶段性ET/PT进行的,而不是CPET,不同于cobaltocene系统.
    • 碳酸核表现出对质子化的稳定性,这与进化反应研究有关.