语言和视觉短期记忆预测了乘法生产任务中的表现:来自马来西亚样本的证据
Mei Ling Soh1, Javier García-Orza2, Neil Russel Mennie1
1School of Psychology, University of Nottingham.
概括
语言和视觉短期记忆 (STM) 都会影响乘法技能. 较低的STM容量与较慢的乘法解决时间相关,特别是在复杂的问题上.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 简单的乘法依赖于各种认知功能,包括短期记忆 (STM).
- 之前关于STM与乘法性能之间的联系的研究显示了不一致的结果,可能是由于数学能力的个体差异.
研究的目的:
- 在一个大规模的马来西亚成年人样本中调查视觉和口头STM和简单乘法解答之间的关系.
- 探索问题特征如干扰和大小如何调节这些关系.
主要方法:
- 230名马来西亚成年人 (17-42岁) 的一个大样本完成了在线乘法任务和STM评估 (口头和视觉空间).
- 用混合模型方法分析数据.
主要成果:
- 语言和视觉STM都显著预测了乘法性能.
- 具有较低STM跨度的参与者在乘法任务中表现出更长的反应时间.
- 对于高干扰问题的问题,口头STM的影响更大,而视觉STM的好处则随着问题规模的增加而增加.
结论:
- 语言和视觉STM在简单的乘法中起着不同的作用,与干扰和大小等问题特征相互作用.
- 这些发现增强了我们对算术处理背后的认知机制的理解.
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