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Do Semantically Consistent Scenes Sharpen Perceived Object Representations Across Different Cultures?

Ahamed Miflah Hussain Ismail1, Justin Samuel Wibowo1, Bryan Leong Qi Zheng2

  • 1University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|May 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cultural differences impact how context influences object perception. While Malaysian-Chinese participants showed a semantic consistency effect (SCE), White-British participants did not, suggesting variations in visual processing across cultures.

Keywords:
cultureobjectsperceptionscenessemantic consistencythinking styles

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Cross-Cultural Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Object perception is influenced by semantic consistency between an object and its surrounding context.
  • The semantic consistency effect (SCE) describes how context influences perception.
  • Cultural factors may modulate the SCE, impacting visual processing and cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the universality of the semantic consistency effect (SCE) across different cultures.
  • To compare the SCE in White-British and Malaysian-Chinese participants.
  • To explore potential mediating factors like cognitive styles and self-construals.

Main Methods:

  • A registered report design was employed.
  • Participants viewed objects embedded in semantically consistent and inconsistent background scenes.
  • Perceived object sharpness was measured to quantify the SCE.
  • Cognitive styles (holistic vs. analytical) and self-construals were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Malaysian-Chinese participants exhibited significant SCEs, consistent with prior research.
  • White-British participants showed no significant SCE.
  • Cultural differences in SCE were not explained by individual differences in cognitive styles or self-construals.

Conclusions:

  • The semantic consistency effect (SCE) is not universal and varies across cultures.
  • Fundamental differences in predictive coding mechanisms may underlie observed cultural variations in perception.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the neurocognitive basis of these cultural differences in visual context processing.