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相关概念视频

Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

84
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
84
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

325
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
325
Language Development01:22

Language Development

318
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
318
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

64
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
64
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

42
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
42

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

A Tablet-Based Curriculum-Based Measurement Protocol for Kindergarten Writing
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准确地识别学龄儿童的语言障碍,使用叙事语言的动态评估.

Douglas B Petersen1, Alisa Konishi-Therkildsen1, Kallie Dawn Clark2

  • 1University of Wyoming, Laramie.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|November 21, 2024
PubMed
概括

动态评估有效地识别了不同学生的语言障碍,在所有人口群体中显示出高准确度. 这种方法为儿童提供了一个不那么偏见的替代传统语言评估.

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科学领域:

  • 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
  • 教育心理学教育心理学
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学

背景情况:

  • 动态评估 (DA) 是一种有希望的,不太偏见的方法来识别儿童的语言障碍.
  • 之前的研究缺乏足够的样本大小来进行强大的心理测量验证.
  • 需要大规模验证,以确认DA在不同人群中的实用性.

研究的目的:

  • 在一个大,多样化的学生样本中验证叙事语言的动态评估.
  • 检查DA在人口统计学变量 (年龄,种族/种族,多语言,性别) 中的不变性.
  • 为了确定临床使用的灵敏度,特异性和等级特定的切割点.

主要方法:

  • 这是一项大规模的研究,涉及634名第一到五年级的学生.
  • 语言障碍诊断通过对多个数据源的三角测量得到证实.
  • 对叙事语言进行简短 (10分钟) 的动态评估.

主要成果:

  • 动态评估显示出极好的灵敏度和特异性 (>90%).
  • 在所有人口统计学变量中,可修改性得分一致.
  • 评估准确地确定了所有学生群体的语言障碍.

结论:

  • 叙事语言的动态评估是识别语言障碍的有效和可靠工具.
  • 在多样化的学生群体中,DA提供了公正的分类.
  • 结果支持使用DA作为静态评估的不那么有偏见的替代方案.