Bart Kahr1, Sophia Sburlati1, Jackson Comes2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, 29 Washington Place, Silver Center, New York, New York 10003-6688, United States.

Crystal growth & design
|November 25, 2024
PubMed
概括

乔治·雷尼开创了无形碳酸合成,这是生物晶体的前身. 他对无机形态发生的基础工作已经被掩盖,但值得承认,与皮特·哈丁 (Pieter Harting) 后来的努力形成鲜明对比.

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Carbonation Shrinkage

Atmospheric CO2 penetrates the concrete's pores and, in the presence of moisture, forms carbonic acid, which then reacts with calcium hydroxide in the hydrated cement, forming calcium carbonate. This process reduces the concrete's volume and is termed carbonation shrinkage.
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...
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Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
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Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

Sulfate Attack on Concrete

Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
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Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

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