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相关概念视频

Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 16, 2025

Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC
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一个核RNA降解代码被PAXT识别用于真核转录组监控.

Lindsey V Soles1, Liang Liu1, Xudong Zou2

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA.

Molecular cell
|April 5, 2025
PubMed
概括

科学家们发现了一种核RNA降解代码 (NRDC),该代码针对特定的RNA分子进行破坏. 这种机制涉及拼接部位和多A结,有助于调节RNA水平,并与人类疾病有关.

关键词:
降解RNA的降解RNA的降解在RNA外基因组中.在RNA监控方面,RNA的监控是非常重要的.分裂和多基解.基因表达的基因表达方式内部的多基化.在mRNA 3′前处理过程中.在mRNA前拼接.质量控制质量控制质量控制

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 16, 2025

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Monitoring Protein-RNA Interaction Dynamics In Vivo at High Temporal Resolution Using χCRAC

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Studying RNA Interactors of Protein Kinase RNA-Activated during the Mammalian Cell Cycle
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.
  • 基因规则 基因规则

背景情况:

  • RNA外基因组对于真核RNA降解至关重要,但其目标识别机制尚未完全理解.
  • 聚乙烯尾部外体向 (PAXT) 途径将外体与多基化RNA连接起来,特别是那些具有内部多乙烯基位点的 RNA.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明PAXT介导RNA降解的特定序列要求.
  • 确定参与识别这些序列和招募外体的分子参与者.
  • 定义一种新的RNA降解代码,并研究其在人类疾病中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 研究的RNA降解是由5'拼接位 (ss) 和多A结 (PAJ) 的组合触发的.
  • 评估了U1小核核糖核蛋白粒子 (snRNP) 和裂变/多化因子与这些序列的结合.
  • 通过这些因素检查了PAXT的合作招聘.
  • 分析了与疾病相关的单核酸多态的影响,在3'未翻译区域中创建了新的5' ss.

主要成果:

  • 通过PAXT介导的RNA降解需要5'拼接部位和多A结的联合存在,而不是单独的序列.
  • U1 snRNP和裂变/多化因子与这些部位结合,并合作地招募PAXT.
  • 这种5'-ss-PAJ组合,称为核RNA降解码 (NRDC),在正确处理的RNA中不存在.
  • 与疾病相关的SNP在3' UTR中创建新的5' ss可以通过NRDC机制异常触发mRNA降解.

结论:

  • 确定了第一个基于5'拼接位-多A结组合的核RNA降解代码 (NRDC).
  • 阐明了涉及U1 snRNP,裂变/多化因子和PAXT招募的识别机制.
  • 证明了NRDC在疾病中的作用,特别是由于遗传变异引起的异常mRNA降解.