紧迫性强制执行跨空间和数值认知控制任务的刺激驱动行动.
Anika Krause1,2, Christian H Poth2
1Differential Psychology, Personality Psychology and Psychological Assessment, Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
PloS one
|May 2, 2025
概括
认知控制任务的紧迫性会创造一个时间窗口,在这个时间窗口中,刺激会取代目标,从而影响绩效. 这种效应不仅限于箭头刺激,而且发生在各种空间和数值任务中.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 在认知控制任务中的紧迫性,当刺激信息与目标相冲突时,可能会损害目标导向的反应.
- 以前的研究主要使用箭头刺激,其他刺激类型的紧迫性效应的概括性尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查紧急性对认知控制的影响是否延伸到使用非箭头刺激的任务.
- 确定紧迫性是否会在不同的任务范式中更广泛地影响认知控制.
主要方法:
- 参与者完成了三个认知控制任务:空间Stroop (单词含义与空间位置),数值Stroop (数值与物理尺寸) 和西蒙任务 (颜色与空间位置).
- 在这些任务中,紧急情况被操纵,以观察其对冲突情况在这些任务中的表现的影响.
主要成果:
- 紧迫性引发了一个时间窗口,在所有测试任务中,与目标无关的特征 (位置,物理尺寸) 主导了响应.
- 在冲突情况下的表现下降到不太可能的水平,这证实了紧迫性的不利影响.
结论:
- 紧迫性对认知控制的影响不依赖于箭头刺激,并将其推广到空间和数值任务.
- 紧迫性似乎对认知控制机制产生了更广泛的影响,特别是在涉及空间和数值处理的任务中.
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