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相关概念视频

DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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Synthetic Biology02:55

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Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
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DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 19, 2025

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami
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工程液体层次材料用DNA编程的球形核酸.

Zeyu Chen1,2, Xu Chen1, Dan Lu2

  • 1School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|June 5, 2025
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概括

研究人员使用球状核酸 (SNA) 创建了动态的,类似液体的等级材料. 这些自我组装的纳米材料对生物医学和响应性材料有很大的前景.

关键词:
凝结液滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴滴材料具有层次的结构.阶段分离的阶段分离.球形核酸是球形核酸中的一种.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 纳米技术 纳米技术
  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程

背景情况:

  • 层次材料对于高级功能至关重要.
  • 工程固态层次材料已经建立,但动态的,类似液体的版本仍然具有挑战性.
  • 大自然的自组装原理激发了新的材料设计策略.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种用于创建动态,类似液体的等级材料的通用方法.
  • 为了使球形核酸 (SNA) 与各种核酸 (NA) 的功能化,以实现精确的组装.
  • 探索这些基于SNA的新型材料的特性和应用.

主要方法:

  • 一种使用多种核酸 (NA) 功能化的球形核酸 (SNA) 构造的通用方法.
  • 对控制组装的DNA介导结合的空间配置和机械刚性的分析.
  • 通过使用多价值SNAs的相分离来创建液相层次材料.

主要成果:

  • 成功合成了与随机DNA,圆形DNA,sgRNA,mRNA和多分支DNA功能化的SNA.
  • 通过受控的DNA介导相互作用,实现了精确的SNA等级组合.
  • 形成微小的SNA滴,具有类似液体的特性和刺激反应能力.
  • 在活细胞中证明了SNA凝聚物的增强光热效应.

结论:

  • 已经建立了一个创新的,有效的方法来构建多样化的,功能化的SNA.
  • 对SNA等级组件的精确控制可以创建动态的液相材料.
  • 这些基于SNA的液态冷凝剂为生物医学和响应性材料的先进应用提供了潜力.