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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

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蛋白质缺乏的神话 蛋白质缺乏的神话
Ricardo Abramovay1, Nadine Marques Nunes-Galbes2, Fernanda Helena Marrocos-Leite2
1Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Estudos Avançados. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Revista de saude publica
|July 3, 2025
概括
专注于蛋白质等单一营养素会忽略整体饮食模式. 即使是最贫穷的人群在满足能源需求时也不太可能经历蛋白质缺乏,这挑战了常见的假设.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 高收入国家表现出过度的动物性食品消费,这与不利的健康结果有关.
- 科学文献和国际组织的报告中经常指出贫困与蛋白质缺乏之间的关联.
- 关注单个营养素,如蛋白质,而不是整个饮食模式,代表了营养科学中的概念陷.
研究的目的:
- 挑战一种普遍的观念,即贫困与广泛的蛋白质缺乏直接相关.
- 要强调考虑整个饮食模式的重要性,而不是单独摄入营养素.
- 重新评估仅专注于蛋白质供应的干预措施的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对有关食品消费模式的流行病学数据的分析.
- 历史科学文献的审查,包括关于营养的开创性作品.
- 检查来自巴西2017-2018年消费者支出调查的数据.
主要成果:
- 唐纳德·麦克拉伦在1974年的工作中发现了专注于蛋白质供应而不考虑能源需求的缺陷.
- 数据表明,一旦满足能源需求,蛋白质缺乏不太可能发生.
- 在巴西,即使是最贫穷的20%的人口在2017-2018年也显示出蛋白质摄入不足的比例很小.
结论:
- 贫困和蛋白质缺乏之间的联系往往被夸大,并基于对单一营养素的错误关注.
- 饮食干预应优先考虑整体的饮食模式,而不是孤立的营养补充.
- 在贫困人口中普遍存在蛋白质缺乏症的假设没有得到最近数据的支持.
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