邻居机会,认知功能和青少年大脑结构之间的关联
Lan Zhou1, Tianying Cai2,3, Ka I Ip2
1Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Biological psychiatry global open science
|July 18, 2025
概括
机会较多的社区的孩子表现出更好的认知功能和大脑发育. 社区内的社会经济因素起到了最大的作用,突出了社区资源对青年神经认知的重要性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 获得像优质教育和健康食品这样的社区机会对儿童发展至关重要.
- 这些邻居因素对神经认知的具体影响尚不清楚.
- 青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究提供了一个独特的数据集来探索这些关联.
研究的目的:
- 研究邻居机会,认知功能和儿童大脑结构之间的关系.
- 确定社区机会 (社会经济,教育,健康/环境) 的哪些方面最能影响神经认知结果.
- 确定大脑结构是否调解了邻居机会和认知表现之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 利用了ABCD研究中10,463名儿童 (年龄9-10岁) 的数据.
- 使用儿童机会指数 (COI 2.0) 评估邻里机会.
- 用NIH工具箱认知电池测量认知功能,并通过T1加权MRI通过大脑结构.
主要成果:
- 更高的邻里机会与增强的认知表现和更大的灰色物质体积,表面积和皮质厚度有关.
- 在控制人口和家庭因素之后,这些关联仍然很重要.
- 社会经济邻里机会表现出最强的影响,其次是教育和健康/环境因素.
结论:
- 邻居机会是青年神经认知发展的重要决定因素,独立于家庭因素.
- 基于资产的方法对于了解社区资源如何促进神经认知发展和促进健康公平至关重要.
- 大脑结构,特别是关键区域的灰质体积和表面积,调解了邻居机会对认知结果的影响.
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