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相关概念视频

Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

Anatomy of the Intestines

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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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The Translational Coupling of Daidzein Reductase and Dihydrodaidzein Racemase Genes Improves the Production of Equol and Its Analogous Derivatives in Engineered Lactic Acid Bacteria.

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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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产生同醇和非产生同醇的肠道微生物群之间的表型差异

J A Curiel1, S Langa1, A Ruiz de la Bastida1

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概括

生产equol的肠道细菌表现出不同的代谢表型,与非equol生产者在异黄代谢上有所不同. 这些表型差异解释了个人如何从异黄消费中获益的差异.

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科学领域:

  • 微生物学
  • 代谢学
  • 营养药物

背景情况:

  • 异黄的代谢物Equol是由特定的肠道微生物群从大中产生.
  • 据认为,具有生产等的微生物群的个体从异黄摄入中获益最大.
  • 没有显著的基因型差异可以区分产生的微生物和非产生的微生物.

研究的目的:

  • 调查生产等和不生产等的肠道微生物之间的异型代谢.
  • 阐明肠道微生物群在调解异黄对健康的益处中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 对17个便样本进行异黄代谢分析.
  • 用大素,二素 (DHD),基因素和二素 (DHG) 进行化.
  • 量化等,5-等和O-甲基醇 (O-DMA) 的产生.

主要成果:

  • 六个样本从大素和DHD中产生了equol.
  • 只有从基因斯坦和DHG产生的等样品产生了5-等.
  • 产品的生产者大量代谢异黄,而非生产者则表现出有限的代谢.
  • 埃科尔生产商产生的O-DMA度较低,主要来自大素.

结论:

  • 在生产等和不生产等的肠道微生物之间存在显著的表型差异.
  • 这些代谢变异解释了宿主对异黄素的不同反应.
  • 肠道微生物群的代谢活动对于实现异黄消费的益处至关重要.