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改善血压的粮食不安全干预措施:健康食品的第一个因子随机临床试验
Seth A Berkowitz1,2, Alice S Ammerman3,4, Patricia Knoepp2
1Division of General Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill.
JAMA internal medicine
|October 13, 2025
概括
食品补贴可以更有效地改善血压控制,而不是为经历粮食不安全的人提供食品盒. 生活方式咨询和更长的干预持续时间并没有显著影响血压结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床试验 临床试验
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 粮食不安全会对血压控制产生负面影响.
- 对粮食不安全改善血压的最佳干预措施尚未明确定义.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较对粮食不安全的干预要素,以指导最佳设计.
- 调查食物资源类型,生活方式咨询和干预时间对血压的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个2x2x2因子随机临床试验,涉及高血压和粮食不安全的成年人.
- 食品补贴与食品盒配送,生活方式咨询与没有咨询以及6个月与12个月的持续时间进行了比较.
- 主要结局是静缩血压 (SBP);次要结局包括静缩血压 (DBP) 和粮食安全.
主要成果:
- 与食品盒相比,食品补贴导致6个月和18个月的SBP和DBP适度较低.
- 生活方式咨询并没有显著改善血压结果.
- 根据干预持续时间,没有观察到血压的显著差异.
- 所有组的粮食安全得分都比基线下降,但它们之间没有显著差异.
结论:
- 食品补贴是一个更有效的干预措施,以改善粮食不安全的成年人的血压,而不是提供食品盒.
- 生活方式咨询和延长干预时间没有产生额外的血压益处.
- 虽然粮食不安全状况有所改善,但干预措施对不同群体的粮食安全水平没有产生差异的影响.
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