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相关概念视频

Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

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Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
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Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER01:27

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A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
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A Fast and Reliable Pipeline for Bacterial Transcriptome Analysis Case study: Serine-dependent Gene Regulation in Streptococcus pneumoniae
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在SLC38A9中的pH依赖调节.

Xuelang Mu1,2, Ampon Sae Her1, Tamir Gonen1,2,3

  • 1Departments of Biological Chemistry and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 24, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

lysosomal 运输体 SLC38A9 是一个

关键词:
氨基酸运输是指氨基酸的运输.在SLC家族中的SLC家族.收音机的收音机接收器mTOR复合体 (mTORC) 是一个复合体.调节pH值的方法

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 分子机制的分子机制

背景情况:

  • 细胞需要严格的代谢调节来适应环境.
  • 拉巴胺素复合体1 (mTORC1) 途径的机械标调节细胞生长和新陈代谢,感知营养的可用性,特别是氨基酸.
  • 溶解体对于营养回收和维护氨基酸平衡至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究 lysosomal 氨基酸载体 SLC38A9.9 的pH 相关调节.
  • 确定涉及pH感应的特定残留物及其作用机制.
  • 阐明SLC38A9.9的pH诱导激活的结构基础.

主要方法:

  • 生物化学试验测量SLC38A9.9.通过SLC38A9.9.通过SLC38A9.9.通过SLC38A9.通过SLC38A9.
  • 在His544.4的histidine残留物的位点定向突变发生.
  • 在不同的pH值下确定SLC38A9晶体结构.
  • 进行比较结构分析以模拟pH诱导的形状变化.

主要成果:

  • 通过SLC38A9进行的氨酸运输受到pH的显著影响.
  • 鉴定出了histidine残留物His544作为关键的pH传感器,它调解了pH依赖的传输.
  • 突变His544取消了pH敏感性,但没有影响基底运输活动.
  • 结构比较揭示了SLC38A9在高和低pH的不同构造,支持pH诱导激活模型.

结论:

  • SLC38A9的活性受 lysosomal pH 的调节.
  • 希斯544在感知pH值变化和调节传送器功能方面发挥着关键作用.
  • 这些发现揭示了 lysosomal 载体调节的新机制及其对mTORC1信号传递的影响.