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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

693
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
693
Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

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Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
403
Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
806
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
550
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

3.4K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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Social Facilitation01:04

Social Facilitation

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Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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倾听不流的语言:在处理过程中强大的效果可能不会延伸到学习.

Emma Libersky1, Margarita Kaushanskaya1

  • 1Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA.

Journal of memory and language
|November 27, 2025
PubMed
概括

听众使用像""这样的语音失调来预测新词. 然而,这项研究发现,听力填充剂并没有改善单词学习或记忆,即使在预测新奇性时也是如此.

科学领域:

  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 语音处理 语音处理

背景情况:

  • 语音失调,如""和"",作为预测线索即将在口语中出现的新鲜事物.
  • 听众利用这些线索来有效地处理不流的语音,利用预测性处理机制.
  • 这些填充剂对单词学习的影响,特别是在不同的时间尺度上,仍然在很大程度上未被探索.

研究的目的:

  • 研究语音填充剂对语言处理和文字学习的影响.
  • 检查填充器,预测处理和预测错误之间的关系.
  • 为了确定填充剂是否会在不同的学习条件下 (流利与不流利) 影响单词保留.

主要方法:

  • 进行了五项实验,参与者在流动和不流动条件下接触新词.
  • 参与者使用填充剂预测新奇性的能力在暴露阶段进行了评估.
  • 文字识别在即时和延迟测试间隔中进行测量,以评估记忆力.

主要成果:

  • 参与者在暴露阶段始终使用填充器来预测即将到来的新词.
  • 尽管使用填充剂进行预测,但单词保留在流利和不流利的学习条件中是相似的.
  • 没有观察到单词保留的显著差异,无论参与者是否遇到预测错误.
关键词:
不流动性 不流动性 不流动性语言处理语言处理.预测性处理是一种预测性处理.单词学习 单词学习

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结论:

  • 语音失调在语言处理过程中有效塑造听众的预测.
  • 填充词的预测功能似乎没有增强长期的单词保留能力.
  • 研究结果表明,缺乏流利性对学习成果的预测作用与其影响之间存在分离.