自闭症谱系障碍中的默认模式网络与年龄相关的变化:从有效连接的洞察力
Soroor Shafieizadegan1, Farzaneh Shayegh1, Rassoul Amirfattahi1
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
Human brain mapping
|November 29, 2025
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在不同年龄段的默认模式网络 (DMN) 中显示出大脑连接的改变. 患有自闭症儿童的早期超连接性可能会转变为成年人的低连接性,具有作为生物标志物的潜力.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 默认模式网络 (DMN) 中大脑连接的改变经常在自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 中观察到.
- 以前的研究往往侧重于特定的年龄组或混合年龄,限制了对发育轨迹的理解.
- 在DMN内的有效连接 (EC) 显示了ASD的年龄相关变化.
研究的目的:
- 研究与年龄相关的DMN有效连接 (EC) 的变化,与典型的发展对照 (TC) 相比,在ASD个体中.
- 为了确定ASD症状严重程度的潜在神经标志物.
- 探索在ASD中整个生命周期内EC异常的动态性质.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自ABIDE-I和ABIDE-II数据库的休息状态功能性MRI数据 (591 ASD,725 TC).
- 分析了三个年龄组:儿童 (≤12),青少年 (12-18),和成年人 (≥18).
- 采用光谱动态因果建模和参数实证贝叶斯分析 (PEB) 来评估EC差异和年龄组之间的相互作用,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 在所有年龄组中都发现了DMN EC的显著群体差异.
- 患有自闭症的儿童表现出混合的超和低连接性,主要是超连接性.
- 患有自闭症的青少年和成年人表现出混合的模式,大多数人表现出低连接性. 在儿童和青少年中,年龄组之间的相互作用是显著的.
- 特定的EC模式与ASD症状严重程度 (ADOS) 相关联,表明作为神经标记物的潜力.
结论:
- 自闭症在整个发育过程中表现出动态EC异常,可能从超级到低连接性过渡.
- 特定于年龄的方法对于理解自闭症神经支柱至关重要.
- 作为ASD诊断和干预的潜在生物标志物,EC显示出前景,这需要进一步的研究.
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