在本体生理中的代理者偏好:在跨语言的儿童定向发言中,代理者和患者角色的可预测性.
Eva Huber1,2, Aylin C Küntay3, Balthasar Bickel1
1Department of Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution, University of Zurich.
Cognitive science
|January 12, 2026
概括
学习语言的孩子优先考虑代理角色,比起"受试者",更容易预测行动的"行为者". 这种代理偏好在所有语言中都是一致的,并且需要最小的背景来进行预测.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 语言理解包括渐进式预测和修订.
- 跨语言的成年人表现出强烈的代理人优先偏好比患者.
- 儿童如何在不完全输入的情况下学习语义角色仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 量化语义角色 (代理人与患者) 在儿童指导言语中的增量可预测性.
- 调查语境信息对学习语义角色的影响.
- 检查代理/患者可预测性的跨语言变异.
主要方法:
- 从塔加洛格语,英语和土耳其语中使用了转录的儿童指导演讲.
- 使用在自然数据上训练的计算模型来评估增量可预测性.
- 对每个语言的实验数据验证了计算模型.
主要成果:
- 代理在所有语言和句子位置上都是高度可预测的,几乎不需要上下文.
- 患者的可预测性较低,需要更多的上下文信息,因语言而异.
- 观察到患者预测的跨语言差异.
结论:
- 代理角色分配对于跨越多种语言的孩子来说是一个更容易的任务.
- 患者角色是由语境诱导的,并由特定语言结构塑造的.
- 这些发现支持对语言学习中的代理人的一般认知偏好.
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