在老鼠和人类的衰老过程中,精子小非编码RNA配置文件的保存转移
Junchao Shi1,2,3, Xudong Zhang1,2, Chen Cai1
1Molecular Medicine Program, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
The EMBO journal
|January 20, 2026
概括
精子衰老涉及小RNA配置文件的显著变化,包括精子头中的核糖体RNA衍生小RNA (rsRNAs) 的保存长度变化. 这一发现为男性生殖健康和衰老提供了新的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 精子衰老会影响男性的生育能力和后代的健康,但精子中的分子衰老机制尚不清楚.
- 确定精子衰老的可靠生物标志物对于生殖决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在老鼠和人类精子中对小型非编码RNA (sncRNA) 进行分析,以确定精子健康的分子决定因素.
- 研究老化精子sncRNAs对胚胎发育的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用PANDORA-seq对精子sncRNA进行分析,克服了RNA修饰偏见.
- 分析了老鼠和人类精子在整个生命周期中的sncRNA概况.
- 研究了老化精子sncRNAs的功能影响,通过将它们转化为小鼠胚胎干细胞.
主要成果:
- 在小鼠精子RNA配置文件中发现了一个"衰老悬崖",其特点是tRNA衍生小RNA (tsRNA) 和rRNA衍生小RNA (rsRNA) 的显著转移.
- 在小鼠和人类中观察到精子头的rsRNAs (较长的rsRNA增加,较短的减少) 保持着依赖年龄的长度变化.
- 证明老化精子sncRNAs可以诱导胚胎干细胞的转录变化,影响新陈代谢和神经退行途径.
结论:
- 精子sncRNA配置文件经历了与年龄相关的显著变化,包括精子头的保存的rsRNA长度转移.
- 这些发现为精子衰老的分子动力学及其对后代的影响提供了新的见解.
- 已识别的rsRNA长度转移代表了男性生殖衰老的潜在生物标志物.
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