颠倒的U:探索运动和认知功能在整个生命周期中的相互联系.
Gerry Leisman1,2, Rahela Alfasi1, Oded Meiron3,4
1Movement & Cognition Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science
|January 22, 2026
概括
身体活动会影响整个生命周期的认知功能,适度的运动会产生最佳的结果. 太少或太多的活动可能会对大脑健康和整体福祉产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 认知生物学 认知生物学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 身体活动和认知功能之间的关系是复杂的,并且在人类的寿命中各不相同.
- 一个"反转的U"模型描述了适度体力活动如何优化认知表现,而活动不足导致更差的结果.
- 从胎儿发育到老年,这种相互作用对大脑健康和整体福祉至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索身体活动和认知功能在人类一生中的反向U关系.
- 突出平衡体育活动对认知性和福祉的重要性.
- 综合关于身体活动如何影响认知发展和维护的研究结果.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了跨发育阶段的身体活动和认知研究.
- 分析了研究不同程度的身体活动对认知功能的影响.
- 整合从胎儿发育到老年成人阶段的发现.
主要成果:
- 母亲的体力活动对胎儿大脑发育有积极的影响.
- 在童年定期体育活动可以提高注意力,记忆力和执行功能.
- 成年和老年人的适度体力活动可以保持认知功能,降低神经退行性疾病的风险,改善生活质量.
结论:
- 均衡的,适度的体力活动水平是整个生命的最佳认知功能.
- 了解这种反转的U关系是促进认知性和持续幸福感的关键.
- 身体活动是认知发育,维持和衰老的关键因素.
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