人工甜味剂和心血管疾病:系统审查和元分析.
Sofía Gimeno-Ruiz1,2, Carolina Torrijo-Belanche1, Ainara Muñoz-Cabrejas3
1Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
Nutrition reviews
|January 22, 2026
概括
人造甜味剂 (AS) 对于低糖饮食很受欢迎,但它们与心血管疾病 (CVD) 的联系仍在争论中. 血清多聚醇的升高表明心血管疾病风险较高,但总体AS消费缺乏明确的关联.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 人工甜味剂 (AS) 被广泛用作糖的替代品,特别是在为预防心血管疾病 (CVD) 推的低糖饮食中.
- 尽管AS的消费量很大,并被认为是安全的,但AS与心血管健康之间的关联仍然是持续的科学辩论的主题.
- 这项研究探讨了AS和心血管疾病之间的有争议的联系,重点是直接测量和饮食摄入量,不包括人造甜味饮料.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合现有关于人工甜味剂 (AS) 与心血管疾病 (CVD) 相关性的证据.
- 专门研究AS和心血管疾病结局的血清/血水平之间的关系.
- 检查饮食消费与AS和CVD死亡率和事件之间的关联,不包括对人工甜味饮料的研究.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Web of Science和Scopus数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2025年2月.
- 数据提取遵循PRISMA指导方针,研究特征和AS/CVD关联由两个独立审查员提取.
- 分析采用随机效应模型来估计聚合的危险比率,使用I2评估异质性,并通过漏斗图和埃格尔测试评估出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 对6项血清/血AS研究的元分析显示,聚醇的积极关联,表明在比较极端摄入类别时,心血管事件的风险高出26%.
- 在血清/血聚合物分析中发现了高异质性和可疑的出版偏差.
- 对AS消费的5项研究的系统审查显示,CVD死亡率的结果不一,但对心血管事件的总体积极关联,尽管受到小样本大小的限制,并专注于特定的食品.
结论:
- 血清/血聚醇水平升高与心血管事件风险增加显著相关.
- 目前的证据并未确定整体人工甜味剂消费与心血管疾病死亡率或事件之间的明确关联.
- 进一步严格的研究是必不可少的,以阐明人工甜味剂摄入量和心血管健康之间的复杂关系.
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