更大的收入税收抵免和补充营养援助计划福利是否会对儿童发展产生相辅相成的影响?
1Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA.
Population research and policy review
|January 26, 2026
概括
政府的计划,如收入税收抵免 (EITC) 和补充营养援助计划 (SNAP),促进了儿童的发展. 将EITC与更大的SNAP购买力相结合,或者反之亦然,可以显著提高早期的数学和阅读技能.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 公共政策 公共政策
背景情况:
- 童年和学年贫困对认知发育构成风险.
- 美国政府通过SNAP和EITC等计划提供收入支持.
- 许多低收入家庭同时获得SNAP和EITC福利.
研究的目的:
- 研究SNAP和EITC对儿童早期认知发育的益处之间的相互作用.
- 提供第一个人口层面的证据,证明这两个主要计划的综合效应.
主要方法:
- 使用双向 (儿童和年龄) 固定效应模型来解决内因性.
- 根据儿童数和国家政策,EITC福利的杆化变化.
- 由于当地食品价格随时间的波动而导致SNAP购买力的内置变化.
主要成果:
- 发现EITC的好处可以提高早期的数学和阅读技能,当与增加的SNAP购买力相结合时.
- 观察到,当与EITC福利相结合时,更大的SNAP购买力也可以提高认知技能.
- 确定了对驱动这些互补效应的潜在机制的暗示性证据.
结论:
- EITC和SNAP的好处证明了对早期认知结果的互补作用.
- 提高SNAP和EITC计划的覆盖范围和慷慨是至关重要的.
- 政策干预应考虑综合收入支持计划的协同效应.
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