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相关概念视频

RNA Splicing01:32

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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A derivative quantifies how a function changes in response to variations in its input. It provides a localized rate of change, representing the slope of the tangent line to the function at any given point. When this process is applied systematically across the entire domain of the function, it yields a new function—the derivative function—which encodes the rate of change at every point. This concept is central to calculus and essential for understanding the behavior of dynamic...
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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内部聚氨基化衍生的长非编码RNA调节核细胞完整性和功能.

Sumana Mallick1,2, Pranita Borkar1, Jaspreet Thind1,2

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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PubMed
概括

内部多基化 (IPA) 生成非编码RNA,如CUL1-IPA. 这种长长的非编码RNA保持了核的完整性,支持rRNA处理,并影响细胞循环的进展和癌症患者的生存.

关键词:
内部的多基化.长非编码RNA是什么意思核的核心是核的核.

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 蛋白质编码基因通常会产生mRNA用于翻译.
  • 在转录起始点附近的内部多基化 (IPA) 从蛋白质编码位置产生非编码RNA.
  • 这些丰富的IPA衍生的非编码RNA的功能在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

  • 通过IPA调查CUL1-IPA的功能,一种非编码RNA通过IPA从CUL1基因位点衍生出来.
  • 探索CUL1-IPA在细胞过程中的作用,特别是细胞核功能及其在疾病中的潜在影响.

主要方法:

  • 确定了CUL1-IPA作为一种依赖RNA聚合酶II的稳定,多基化非编码RNA.
  • 评估了CUL1-IPA在维持核细胞完整性的局部化和功能作用.
  • 利用RNA-蛋白相互作用测试来确定结合伙伴.
  • 在CUL1-IPA操纵后量化rRNA水平,蛋白质合成和细胞周期进展.
  • 在癌症患者数据中分析了CUL1-IPA表达.

主要成果:

  • CUL1-IPA转移到细胞核,对其完整性至关重要.
  • 参与rRNA处理的GPATCH4和NOP58被确定为CUL1-IPA结合伙伴.
  • CUL1-IPA的损失降低了rRNA水平,降低了蛋白质合成,并导致G2/M细胞周期停止.
  • 重新引入CUL1-IPA恢复了rRNA水平.
  • 减少CUL1-IPA表达与癌症患者的生存率改善相关.

结论:

  • CUL1-IPA是一种功能性长非编码RNA (lncRNA),源自通过IPA编码的蛋白质编码基因.
  • CUL1-IPA形成核细胞RNA-蛋白质复合体,对于rRNA处理和核细胞结构至关重要.
  • 这种lncRNA在细胞平衡中起着重要作用,并对癌症患者的治疗结果产生影响.