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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
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One of the common DNA damages is the chemical alteration of single bases by alkylation, oxidation, or deamination. The altered bases cause mispairing and strand breakage during replication. This type of damage causes minimal change to the DNA double helix structure and can be repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathways. BER corrects damaged DNA sequences by removing the damaged base and restoring the original base sequence using the complementary strand as a template.
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科学领域:

  • 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
  • 创伤外科 手术 创伤外科
  • 重建性手术是一种重建性手术.

背景情况:

  • 股骨头的创伤性血管亡 (AVN) 是骨骨折后的一个严重并发症,发生在20-40%的病例中.
  • 骨骨折往往需要开放式减少和内部固定 (ORIF),但可能导致长期并发症,如AVN.
  • 与初级THR相比,救援全关节置换 (THR) 提出了独特的手术挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 报告一名年轻成年人的救援THR病例,该病例是由于骨骨折导致的股骨头AVN次要.
  • 在创伤后AVN的背景下突出THR的外科考虑和结果.

主要方法:

  • 一名26岁的男性患有骨骨折,接受了ORIF.
  • 在ORIF后18个月内发展出股骨头AVN与骨边缘吸收,需要THR.
  • THR是通过后部方法进行的,涉及硬件移除和无水泥组件的植入.

主要成果:

  • 患者经历了一个不显著的恢复后,救 THR.
  • 手术后观察到疼痛和部运动的显著改善.
  • 使用无水泥元件的后方方法取得了成功.

结论:

  • 在骨ORIF之后的救援THR是管理大腿骨头AVN的可行选择.
  • 精心的手术前策略,适当的植入物选择和仔细的硬件移除对于成功的结果至关重要.
  • 患有骨骨折的年轻人,特别是患有两柱损伤的年轻人,需要长期监测AVN的发展.