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相关概念视频

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

1.3K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
1.3K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

1.1K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.1K
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

624
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
624
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

550
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
550
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

523
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
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The developmental trajectory of EEG alpha coherence in autistic toddlers with and without language delay.

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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

17.2K

在自闭症幼儿和学龄前儿童中,基于延迟的执行功能减少.

Amanda Cremone-Caira1, Gina Schnur2, Madison Surmacz2

  • 1Merrimack College, USA.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|February 19, 2026
PubMed
概括

年轻的自闭症幼儿,年仅2岁,与神经类型的同龄人相比,表现出基于延迟的执行功能下降. 这些孩子在基于奖励的任务中也采用了不太适应的策略,突出了冲动控制的早期差异.

科学领域:

  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍

背景情况:

  • 热执行功能,或基于奖励的执行功能,涉及到在情绪充满的情况下推迟行动的技能.
  • 这些技能对于社会发展,心理健康和学业成功至关重要.
  • 之前的研究表明,3岁及以上的自闭症儿童的基于延迟的执行功能下降.

研究的目的:

  • 调查基于延迟的执行功能是否存在于3岁以下的自闭症儿童中.
  • 探索自闭症和神经类型小孩在基于延迟的任务中使用的策略的差异.

主要方法:

  • 一个行为电池被用来评估基于延迟的执行功能在2岁和4岁的自闭症和神经类型儿童.
  • 任务涉及延迟获得食物和非食物奖励的反应.

主要成果:

  • 与神经类型的幼儿相比,自闭症幼儿表现出基于延迟的执行功能减少.
  • 自闭症2岁的孩子在食物奖励任务中表现出较少的等待;自闭症4岁的孩子在食物和非食物奖励任务中表现出较少的等待.
  • 自闭症儿童在任务中使用的适应性策略明显较低.

结论:

  • 基于延迟的执行功能的诊断差异在2岁的自闭症儿童中很明显.
关键词:
自闭症谱系障碍 自闭症谱系障碍认知发展 认知发展拖延了满足的时间.执行控制的执行控制.热热的执行职能 执行职能幼儿园 幼儿园 幼儿园 幼儿园 幼儿园奖励 奖励 奖励 奖励 奖励

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  • 调查结果可能会为早期干预提供信息,旨在改善自闭症儿童的执行功能技能和相关发展结果.