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相关概念视频

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment01:19

Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment

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Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
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Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

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The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
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Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods01:19

Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods

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In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a soluble chromate indicator gives an initial yellow color to the analyte solution. As the titrant is added, the first excess of silver ions forms a red silver chromate precipitate, marking the endpoint. The solution pH should be maintained at about 8 by adding solid CaCO3.
In the Volhard method, a standard excess of AgNO3 is first added to the...
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Precipitation and Co-precipitation01:17

Precipitation and Co-precipitation

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Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
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Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

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Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
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优化降雨特征,以确定山体滑坡值.

Himasha Abeysiriwardana1, Thomas Kjeldsen1, Cormac Reale1

  • 1Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Claverton Down Campus, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK.

Natural hazards (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

这项研究引入了一个新的框架,用于设定降雨门,以预测数据有限的地区的山体滑坡. 贝叶斯推理方法比非线性最小方形提供了比非线性最小方形更稳定的山体滑坡预测门,特别是在较长的先行降雨期间.

关键词:
贝叶斯的推理 贝叶斯的推理数据稀缺性 数据稀缺性事件降雨时间 持续时间强度 持续时间.土地滑坡是因为土地滑坡.最小的事件间隔时间.降雨率的门是什么

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科学领域:

  • 地质科学 地质科学
  • 水文学的水文学
  • 自然危害 自然危害

背景情况:

  • 滑坡预测通常使用降雨值,但这些对事件定义敏感.
  • 定义最小事件间时间 (MIT) 和触发事件 (TE) 显著影响值准确性.

研究的目的:

  • 在数据有限,高风险地区开发数据驱动降雨门的新框架.
  • 用贝叶斯推理 (BI) 和非线性最小平方 (NLS) 评估MIT和TE定义对降雨值估计的影响.

主要方法:

  • 采用贝叶斯推理 (BI) 和非线性最小平方 (NLS) 技术.
  • 使用15分钟降雨数据 (2005-2023) 和南威尔士的山体滑坡记录分析了降雨持续时间和强度持续时间的空间.
  • 在最小事件间时间 (MIT) 和触发事件 (TE) 定义中评估的变化.

主要成果:

  • 贝叶斯推理 (BI) 衍生的值被证明比非线性最小平方 (NLS) 衍生的值更稳定.
  • NLS方法经常产生不切实际的,几乎平坦的值,特别是在强度-持续时间空间.
  • 无论是BI还是NLS都表现出最佳的性能,事件间的最低时间为48小时 (MIT),突出了先前降雨的作用.

结论:

  • 强大的贝叶斯方法可以通过降低全球值来改善数据稀缺地区的山体滑坡预测.
  • 谨慎的事件划分实践对于提高滑坡预测模型的准确性至关重要.
  • 该研究提供了一个框架,用于为山体滑坡预警系统建立可靠的,数据驱动的降雨门.