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The Influence of Cognition on Affect01:29

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes01:15

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

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Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...
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Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Social Facilitation01:04

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Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
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Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

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Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
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多发性硬化症中的社会认知:一个多领域的调查.

Dalya Eda Akbalık1, Murat Kürtüncü2, Tuncay Gündüz2

  • 1Department of General Psychology and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, unipd.it.

Behavioural neurology
|March 11, 2026
PubMed
概括

复发性复发性多发性硬化症 (RRMS) 患者表现出显著的社会认知缺陷,特别是在识别负面情绪方面. 这些障碍是特定领域的,与残疾和疾病持续时间有关.

关键词:
情感识别 情感识别 情感识别多发性硬化症多发性硬化症社会认知 (social cognition) 是一种社会认知.思想的思想理论的理论.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 心理学 心理学 心理学

背景情况:

  • 多发性硬化症的认知功能得到了广泛的研究.
  • 在复发性缓解性多发性硬化症 (RRMS) 中,社会认知缺陷的研究较少.

研究的目的:

  • 在RRMS患者中研究社会认知,包括心理理论 (ToM) 和情绪识别.
  • 确定社会认知缺陷是否在RRMS中是特定于领域的.

主要方法:

  • 招募了30名土耳其RRMS患者和30名健康对照 (HC).
  • 评估了情感和认知ToM,以及情感识别 (命名/区分面部表情).
  • 使用了新的,广泛的测试组合,需要口头反应和准确度评分.

主要成果:

  • 与HC相比,RRMS患者在所有社会认知任务中的准确性明显较低.
  • 情绪歧视的表现与残疾和疾病持续时间有负相关性.
  • RRMS患者在识别负面情绪方面表现出缺陷,但不是积极的情绪.
  • 社会认知缺陷是特定领域的,即使在控制整体认知功能之后.

结论:

  • 在RRMS中,社会认知障碍是特定于领域的.
  • 在RRMS中,情绪识别的缺陷,特别是负面情绪,是突出的.
  • 在不同文化背景下,研究结果一致.