Reticular foreign bodies. Causative or coincidence?

C S Farrow1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Anesthesiology, Radiology and Surgery, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. farrow@admin3.usask.ca

Insights

Radiographically identified foreign bodies in the reticulum often cause traumatic reticulitis or peritonitis. Immobilized foreign bodies may penetrate mucosal folds or the reticulum wall, leading to abscesses or inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Penetrating reticular foreign bodies are a common cause of gastrointestinal disease in ruminants.
  • Traumatic reticulitis, abscessation, and peritonitis are serious complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the radiographic findings and clinical significance of reticular foreign bodies.
  • To differentiate between penetrating and non-penetrating foreign bodies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of radiographic images of cattle with suspected foreign body ingestion.
  • Correlation of radiographic findings with clinical signs and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Radiographically identified penetrating foreign bodies were strongly associated with traumatic reticulitis, abscessation, and peritonitis.
  • Extrareticular wires or nails were the most common cause of clinical signs.
  • Immobile foreign bodies could be lodged within the mucosa or penetrate the reticulum wall.

Conclusions:

  • Radiography is crucial for diagnosing reticular foreign bodies and predicting complications.
  • Prompt identification and management are essential for animal welfare.

Related Concept Videos

Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

Overview
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Brain Abscess l: Introduction01:26

Brain Abscess l: Introduction

A brain abscess is a focal, intracerebral infection characterized by a localized collection of pus within the brain parenchyma, resulting from microbial invasion and the body’s inflammatory response. It progresses through stages: early and late cerebritis, followed by early and late capsule formation, reflecting tissue destruction, immune response, and eventual encapsulation.Etiology and PathogenesisCausative organisms vary with source and host factors, often involving polymicrobial infections,...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...