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Population-based research assessing the effectiveness of trauma systems
1Department of Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, School of Medicine, Portland 97201-3098, USA. mullinsr@ohsu.edu
Objective:
To review published evidence regarding the effectiveness of trauma systems by using population-based data.
Design:
A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature assessing the influence of trauma system implementation on the outcome of all injured patients.
Materials And Methods:
Literature available in MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, and CINHAL was reviewed for studies that use population-based data to assess the benefit of trauma system development. Studies were included that assessed trauma systems in North America and used a comparison or control group in the analysis.
Main Results:
Published evidence, reported for eight of the nine trauma systems evaluated, demonstrates improved outcomes, principally measured as hospital survival. Improvement occurred after the trauma system or some component of a trauma system (e.g., sophisticated prehospital care) was established.
Conclusion:
Population-based evidence supports a 15 to 20% improved survival rate among seriously injured patients with trauma system implementation. Future study is required to determine whether trauma systems improve the outcome of all injured patients, not just high-risk subsets of the population.
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