Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 3, 2026

Implantation of an Isoproterenol Mini-Pump to Induce Heart Failure in Mice
Published on: October 3, 2019
Cytokines in heart failure: pathogenetic mechanisms and potential treatment
Z Dibbs1, K Kurrelmeyer, D Kalra
1Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Abstract:
Recent studies have shown that patients with heart failure overexpress a class of biologically active molecules, generically referred to as pro-inflammatory cytokines. This article will review recent clinical and experimental material that suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) may play a role in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure. In addition, we will review recent studies that suggest that antagonizing cytokines may represent a novel target for heart failure therapy.
Related Concept Videos
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

