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Yeast influence on volatile composition of wines
A Antonelli1, L Castellari, C Zambonelli
1Istituto di Industrie Agrarie, University of Bologna, via S. Giacomo 7, 40126 Bologna, Italy. antonell@agrsci.unibo.it
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|December 20, 1999
Summary
Saccharomyces bayanus yeasts are better suited for white wine production due to their unique volatile compound profiles and lack of undesirable byproducts. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains showed varied characteristics, with some producing high levels of specific alcohols.
Area of Science:
- Enology
- Microbiology
- Food Chemistry
Background:
- Yeast selection is crucial for wine quality and flavor profiles.
- Different Saccharomyces species and strains can significantly impact wine's chemical composition.
- Volatile compound production by yeast is a key factor in wine aroma and taste.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the winemaking abilities of different Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus strains.
- To investigate the potential for discriminating yeast strains based on their volatile production.
- To identify yeast strains suitable for Trebbiano wine production.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of nine Saccharomyces cerevisiae and four Saccharomyces bayanus strains.
- Chemical analysis of wine produced by different yeast strains.
- Quantification of volatile compounds, including alcohols, esters, and organic acids.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant differences in wine chemical composition were observed based on yeast strain.
- Saccharomyces bayanus strains were characterized by specific compounds like 2-phenylethanol and ethyl lactate.
- Saccharomyces bayanus strains did not produce acetic acid or sulfur anhydride and synthesized malic acid.
Conclusions:
- Saccharomyces bayanus strains show potential for enhanced white wine production due to desirable volatile profiles.
- The volatile production patterns can aid in differentiating between yeast strains.
- Further investigation into specific Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with unique volatile profiles is warranted.
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