Posterior capsule opacification. Part 2: Clinical findings

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Surgical Complications
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most frequent complication following cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
• While improved surgical techniques have slightly reduced PCO incidence, it remains a significant concern.
• Variability in clinical assessment criteria and identification of influencing factors contribute to diverse findings on PCO.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review methods for quantifying PCO using less subjective, patient-dependent approaches.
• To examine the impact of ocular and systemic factors on PCO development.
• To discuss current and emerging strategies for PCO prevention and delay.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on PCO quantification, influencing factors, and prevention.
• Analysis of studies employing diverse methodologies for PCO assessment.
• Synthesis of findings related to intraocular and systemic influences on PCO.

Main Results:

• Improved surgical and cleanup techniques have led to a slight decrease in PCO incidence.
• Standardized, less subjective methods for PCO evaluation are being developed.
• Ocular and systemic factors significantly influence PCO development and progression.

Conclusions:

• Despite advancements, PCO remains a notable complication of cataract surgery.
• Further research into objective quantification and multifactorial influences is crucial.
• Developing effective prevention and delay strategies is essential for optimizing patient outcomes after cataract surgery.