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The psychiatric side effects of corticosteroids
E S Brown1, D A Khan, V A Nejtek
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9101, USA.
Summary
Corticosteroid therapy can cause psychiatric side effects like mania and depression, often dose-related and appearing within two weeks. Monitoring patients for these adverse effects is crucial for safe and effective treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Psychiatry
- Immunology
Background:
- Corticosteroids are widely used for allergic and immunologic conditions.
- Psychiatric side effects are a known risk associated with corticosteroid use.
- These effects can significantly impact patient well-being and treatment adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance of recognizing psychiatric symptomatology in patients undergoing corticosteroid therapy.
- To emphasize the potential for drug interactions when corticosteroids are combined with other medications.
- To inform healthcare providers about monitoring and managing these adverse effects.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review was conducted using MEDLINE and PSYCHOINFO databases.
- The review encompassed peer-reviewed research articles, case studies, and relevant review papers.
- Information was gathered over the last five decades of corticosteroid use.
Main Results:
- Psychiatric side effects of corticosteroids include mania, depression, and mood disturbances.
- These symptoms typically manifest within the first two weeks of treatment.
- The occurrence and severity of psychiatric symptoms appear to be dose-dependent.
Conclusions:
- Physicians must diligently monitor patients for psychiatric and cognitive side effects during corticosteroid therapy.
- Early recognition and intervention are key to managing these adverse events.
- Pharmacological interventions, such as lithium or antipsychotics, may be beneficial in managing corticosteroid-induced psychiatric symptoms.