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Mandibular incisor position for English consonant sounds.

C A Burnett1

  • 1Division of Restorative Dentistry, School of Clinical Dentistry, Queen's University of Belfast, Royal Group of Hospitals, Northern Ireland. c.burnett@qub.ac.uk

The International Journal of Prosthodontics
|January 15, 2000
PubMed
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Mandibular incisor positions for English consonants were mapped using electrognathography. Incisor placement is not affected by word position but can change with open or closed vowels, especially for sibilant sounds.

Area of Science:

  • Speech Science
  • Dental Phonetics
  • Biomechanics of Speech

Background:

  • Understanding the precise positioning of the mandible and incisors during speech is crucial for various applications, including speech synthesis, clinical diagnostics, and orthodontic treatment planning.
  • Previous research has provided insights into articulatory movements, but detailed mapping of mandibular incisor positions across the full range of English consonants remains less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically describe the vertical, anteroposterior, and lateral positions of the mandibular incisors for all 24 consonant sounds in the English language.
  • To investigate whether these incisor positions are influenced by the consonant's placement within a word (initial vs. final).
  • To determine if the incisor's position for a consonant sound is affected by its coarticulation with open or closed vowel sounds.

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Main Methods:

  • Utilized electrognathography, a non-invasive technique, to record mandibular movements.
  • Collected data from 30 young adult subjects performing a series of speech tests involving various English consonant and vowel sounds.
  • Analyzed the recorded data to determine mean incisor positions in three dimensions (vertical, anteroposterior, lateral) for each consonant sound.

Main Results:

  • Vertical incisor displacement ranged from 2.5 mm (sibilants) to 11.7 mm (/H/) from the intercuspal position.
  • Anteroposterior incisor displacement ranged from 1.4 mm anterior (sibilants) to 1.8 mm posterior (/M/) relative to the intercuspal position.
  • Lateral incisor displacement was minimal (<1 mm). Word position did not affect incisor position, but vertical opening increased significantly for 8 consonants with open vowels; anteroposterior and lateral positions were unaffected by vowels.

Conclusions:

  • Mandibular incisor position for English consonants is independent of word-initial or word-final placement.
  • Coarticulation with open vowels significantly influences the vertical incisor position for certain consonant sounds.
  • Sibilant consonant sounds consistently demonstrated superior and anterior incisor positions, falling within clinically acceptable ranges across subjects.