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Progress in cancer chemoprevention
G J Kelloff1, J A Crowell, V E Steele
1National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kelloffg@dcpcepn.nci.nih.gov
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 11, 2000
Summary
Chemopreventive drugs are in clinical trials for various cancers, with research focusing on novel agents and biomarkers. This includes dietary compounds and targeted anti-inflammatories to improve cancer prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Over 40 chemopreventive agents are under clinical evaluation for major cancer types.
- Large-scale trials are investigating agents like tamoxifen and fenretinide for breast cancer, and NSAIDs for colon cancer.
- Research is exploring new retinoids, dietary compounds, and selective COX-2 inhibitors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current landscape of chemopreventive drug development.
- To highlight agents in phase II trials for efficacy and biomarker development.
- To discuss ongoing research in novel agents and preventive strategies.
Main Methods:
- Clinical trials (Phase II and large-scale intervention studies).
- Epidemiological and animal studies for agent validation.
- Basic and translational research for biomarker and model development.
Main Results:
- Numerous agents show promise, with some in advanced trials.
- Biomarkers are being developed as surrogate endpoints for cancer incidence.
- Newer agents, including dietary substances and selective COX-2 inhibitors, are under investigation.
Conclusions:
- Chemoprevention research is advancing with diverse agents and strategies.
- Development of molecular biomarkers and improved models is crucial for progress.
- Combination therapies and targeted delivery show potential for future cancer prevention.