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Gamma-Ray Burst Host Galaxies Have "Normal" Luminosities.

Schaefer

    The Astrophysical Journal
    |March 23, 2000
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Gamma-ray burst host galaxies are not subluminous. New data reveals these galaxies have typical luminosities, challenging previous assumptions about their environments and progenitor systems.

    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Cosmic Gamma-Ray Bursts
    • Galaxy Evolution

    Background:

    • Previous studies suggested gamma-ray burst (GRB) host galaxies were subluminous, implying specific progenitor systems.
    • Two early arguments indicated that GRB host galaxies were significantly dimmer than typical galaxies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To re-evaluate the luminosity of gamma-ray burst host galaxies using new data and analysis.
    • To resolve the apparent discrepancy between bright and faint GRB luminosities and their host galaxy environments.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 16 known GRB host galaxies, including 10 with redshift data.
    • Comparison of absolute magnitudes with a Schechter luminosity function.
    • Investigating the relationship between GRB brightness, redshift, and host galaxy detection limits.

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    Main Results:

    • The first two known host galaxies were subluminous, but subsequent discoveries showed typical luminosities.
    • Analysis of 16 hosts aligns with a Schechter luminosity function (R*=-21.8+/-1.0), consistent with normal galaxies.
    • A varying burst number density tied to star formation rates explains luminosity differences between bright and faint GRBs without violating host galaxy limits.

    Conclusions:

    • All current evidence indicates that gamma-ray burst host galaxies possess normal luminosities.
    • The galactic environment of GRBs is consistent with normal galaxy populations.
    • This finding refines our understanding of GRB progenitor systems and their cosmic evolution.