Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Extraneuronal cholinergic system in lymphocytes.

K Kawashima1, T Fujii

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Kyoritsu College of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan. kawashima-ki@kyoritsu-ph.ac.jp

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|April 13, 2000
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Postantibiotic effect of carbapenems against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The Journal of antibiotics·1995
Same author

Comparison of multiple-antigen simultaneous test and CAP systems for diagnosis of nasal allergy.

ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties·1995
Same author

Transfected mutant p53 gene increases X-ray-induced cell killing and mutation in human fibroblasts immortalized with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide but does not induce neoplastic transformation of the cells.

International journal of cancer·1995
Same author

Human fibroblasts (KMST-6/RAS cell line) transformed with 60Co gamma-rays and c-Ha-ras oncogene produce a large amount of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF); production is enhanced by cAMP, theophylline, and butyrate.

Cell structure and function·1995
Same author

Studies on the establishment of appropriate spermatogenic endpoints for male fertility disturbance in rodent induced by drugs and chemicals. I. Nitrobenzene.

The Journal of toxicological sciences·1995
Same author

Effects of KCA-012 on bone metabolism in organ culture.

Japanese journal of pharmacology·1995
Same journal

Protein acetylation modification in tissue fibrosis: Opportunities and challenges.

Pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
Same journal

Nipocalimab and other FcRn blockers in neuromuscular disorders.

Pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
Same journal

C26:0-lysophosphatidylcholine in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.

Pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
Same journal

The CircRNA/miRNA axis in breast cancer: From molecular mechanisms to clinical translation.

Pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
Same journal

Glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in epilepsy: novel mechanistic insights and therapeutic avenues.

Pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
Same journal

The neurovascular unit under siege: Molecular mechanisms and potential drug target for cerebral edema.

Pharmacology & therapeutics·2026
See all related articles

The immune system communicates via acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter found in lymphocytes. This lymphoid cholinergic system regulates immune function independently of the cytokine system.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Cellular Immunology
  • Autonomic Nervous System

Background:

  • Acetylcholine (ACh) is a known neurotransmitter in mammalian nervous systems.
  • Muscarinic and nicotinic ACh receptors are present in various lymphocytes.
  • Evidence suggests a role for the parasympathetic nervous system in immune-neurohumoral crosstalk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and function of the lymphoid cholinergic system.
  • To explore the autocrine/paracrine role of ACh in immune regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Radioimmunoassay to localize ACh in lymphocytes.
  • Northern blots and RT-PCR to detect choline acetyltransferase (ACh synthesizing enzyme) expression.
  • Phytohemagglutinin stimulation of T-lymphocytes to assess lymphoid cholinergic system activation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurement of intracellular calcium and c-fos expression following muscarinic receptor stimulation.

    • Main Results:

    • ACh was localized to lymphocytes from various sources.
    • Choline acetyltransferase expression was identified in human and rat lymphocytes.
    • T-lymphocyte activation increased ACh synthesis/release, acetylcholinesterase activity, and expression of ACh-related genes.
    • Muscarinic receptor stimulation elevated intracellular calcium and upregulated c-fos expression.

    Conclusions:

    • ACh is synthesized and released by T-lymphocytes.
    • Lymphoid ACh acts as an autocrine/paracrine factor regulating immune function.
    • An independent lymphoid cholinergic system controls immune function alongside the cytokine system.